Red Eyes
Red eyes are a common issue that can happen for many different reasons, ranging from mild irritation to potentially sight threatening. Fortunately, most red eyes are easily managed by your optometrist. Let’s take a closer look at some of the most common causes of red eye.
Allergies
Allergies are probably one of, if not the most common cause for red eyes. Whether it’s due to your new COVID pet or seasonal allergies, exposure to an allergen can result in red, watery, itchy eyes called allergic conjunctivitis. Thankfully allergic conjunctivitis can be easily managed with both prescription and non-prescription remedies. Perhaps the easiest way to prevent allergic conjunctivitis is to avoid the allergen, though this is sometimes more easily said than done. Cool compresses and refrigerated artificial tears is an easy way to manage mild cases. More severe cases require prescription drops from your optometrist. If you suspect you may be suffering from allergic conjunctivitis book in with your optometrist to discuss the best management for you.
Dry Eye
Dry eye disease is another very common cause of red eyes. Recently we have seen an increase in the number of patients with dry eye, most likely associated with increased screen time during the pandemic. Dry eye can range in severity from mild to severe, and often requires a multifactorial approach to management. Your optometrist will be able to recommend the best management for you, which will most likely include a mix of drops and warm compresses to restore your tear film. They may also remind you to blink, especially if your WFH set up has you stuck on a screen.
Viral Conjunctivitis
Viral conjunctivitis is a highly contagious infection, commonly caused by the cold virus. Eyes will be red, watery, burning, and sometimes light sensitive. Unfortunately there is no treatment for viral conjunctivitis, and the body will clear the infection in approximately 2 weeks. Palliative treatments, such as cool compresses, can help make the eyes more comfortable in the mean time. It is very important to prevent the spread of the infection by washing hands, not sharing towels, and staying home from school and work. If you suspect you have viral conjunctivitis contact your optometrist and they will be able to confirm the diagnosis.
Bacterial Conjunctivitis
Bacterial conjunctivitis is another common cause of eye infection, and is more prevalent in children than adults. Infected eyes will be red with sticky discharge. Unlike viral conjunctivitis, bacterial conjunctivitis is treated with antibiotic eye drops and can take 1-2 weeks to clear up. Your optometrist will be able to diagnose and prescribe the necessary treatment, should you contract bacterial conjunctivitis.
Subconjunctival hemorrhage
Often patients with subconjunctival hemorrhages will present with complaints of a “bleeding eye”. While alarming in appearance, subconjunctival hemorrhages are not painful and usually not serious. Subconjunctival hemorrhages occur when the fine vessels in the white of the eye burst, causing blood to accumulate, similar to a bruise on your skin. Heavy lifting, blood thinners, constipation, and increased blood pressure are common causes. Subconjunctival hemorrhages resolve without treatment in a few weeks, depending on the severity. Visit your optometrist if you develop a subconjunctival hemorrhage or have frequent recurrences, and they will be able to assess for retinal complications and will likely advise you to check your blood pressure.
There are many things that can cause red eyes, this list is by no means an exhaustive one. If you have any concerns, do not hesitate to visit your optometrist and they will be able to provide you with the necessary treatment to get your eyes feeling and looking better.
